This chapter has been compiled to provide an overview of the language policing and planning (LPP) field, particularly for new researchers who would like to pursue their MA or PhD. It aims to explore the following: the genesis of LPP from the 1950s to date, type of research questions pertinent to the field, methodology that can be applied, substantial literature review and case studies that have been carried out in LPP, ethnography of language policy and planning, the historical analysis approach and authorities in the field of LPP such as Hornberger, Johnson and Ricento.

Learning a new language entails various challenges, one of these is grasping the vocabulary of the language. A significant way to tackle the problem is to motivate students to become independent learners during the progression of second language (L2) vocabulary learning. Thus, this study intended to explore the use of different vocabulary learning strategies among adult English as foreign language learners and investigated the various vocabulary learning strategies and found the benefits and drawbacks associated with each strategy. It was able to select the most frequently and least frequently used VLSs by learners who have completed the language program and those who are continuing the course. Further, it found effective strategies that could be used in teaching vocabulary to students. The research used a quantitative method approach with 53 participants who were EFL learners took part in the questionnaire survey. The results of the present study reveal the common strategies that foreign language learners use in vocabulary learning. The VLSs from this study will not only benefit students of the English language but can easily to be used by learners of other second languages globally. Finally, the paper discusses different strategies at length, gives valuable recommendations in the discussion section and concludes with implications for future research.

In Professional identity constructions of Indian women, Priti Sandhu examines processes of professional identity construction through analyses of work-related identity constructions uncovered in young, urban North Indian women's narratives on medium of education (MoE). The MoEs under analysis are Hindi medium education (HME), English medium education (EME), or a combination of Hindi and English medium education. The data has been analysed in terms of stylization, reported speech, mock languages, emotion-indexing devices, negative self-or other labelling, imagery and metaphors, laughter and laughing tone, stress and intonation variations, irony and sarcasm, and lexical and syntactic choices (44).

Fiji, an island nation located in the South Pacific has three major higher education institutions namely, “The Fiji National University, The University of the South Pacific which is also ‘the oldest university’ in the country and The University of Fiji”. This paper reviews key emerging issues that are being encountered in higher education (HE) in Fiji. The key issues’ faced by these universities, is showing a similar trend in higher education internationally which this paper examines. Plagiarism continues to be a global phenomenon which the literature objectively highlights along with problems arising due to heavy workload and negligence of not incorporating inclusive education. The paper explores possible solutions to these issues drawing evidence from the available literature. Further research on individual universities would provide greater data for analysis as well as broader solutions to the issues.

Language is something many individuals take for granted. It is usually when we discover that our language (or language variety) is different from and perhaps less valued than, the language of others or that our options are somehow limited, either because ‘we do not speak/understand a language or language variety, or use it inappropriately or ineffectively in a particular context that we begin to pay attention to language’. This paper gives a sketch of Language Policy and Planning (LPP) which is becoming a well-researched field for many academics as well as postgraduate students. The article provides the latest pertinent information on Fiji’s LPP, the linguistic background as well as the medium of instruction (MOI). It further deliberates on the recommendations from the Fiji Islands Education Commission Report of 2000 which is a well-articulated document that provides an overt grounding for LPP in the South Pacific.

Firstly, please allow me to thank Mr. Khemendra Kumar (Course Coordinator) for inviting me to give a talk during this afternoon's lecture on writings. I quite confidently agreed to this invitation yesterday when he stood at the entrance of my office and asked me for a few words. I had no idea what I agreed to until I went home and started pondering what I would be talking on today. Then, it came to me to look at the actual purpose of 'writings'. I have been writing to define life. Before I explain about the 24 articles which I have published so far in Australia, Fiji and Tunisia, I have given this informal talk the title: Defining Life through Writings. This talk has been divided into three parts, the first one being my childhood, the second one discussing my reading period and finally how I got to write.