<p>In this dataset we have provided data on behavioural assessment on rats before and after exposure to streptococcal antigens, histological changes and antibody responses against host tissue proteins. Behavioural tests such as food manipulation, beam walking, grooming, marble burying and light/dark box tests were performed to assess the changes in fine motor coordination, gait and balance, obsessive-compulsive behaviour and anxiety like behaviour respectively before and after exposure to streptococcal antigens. Heart tissues were dissected from rats and stained with haematoxylin and eosin stain and scored them for infiltration of mononuclear cells in the myocardium and valvular tissues. ELISAs were performed on serum collected from rats to assess the antibody response against host tissue proteins following exposure to streptococcal antigens.</p>