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- Publication1 January 1901 - Australia Federates, Australia Celebrates"A Referendum in '99 sent a Constitution down the line The Queen said 'Yep I think it will do, You can make this work but it's up to you!' Well a hundred years on we are doing our best but the problems we face put us all to the test." -'Federation Rap'. 'Federation Rap' was performed by school students before the then prime minister, Paul Keating, and other delegates to the 1993 Centenary Corowa Conference. It was one of many events and gatherings in the decade preceding the Centenary of Federation as the governments headed by Paul Keating and John Howard respectively attempted to increase awareness of and knowledge about the origins of Australia as a nation-state.
- Publication11.12 - Clinical Psychology Responses to the Climate Crisis(Elsevier Ltd, 2022)
; Intervention in issues related to climate change is becoming a defined area of practice for clinical psychologists, with general competencies and a potential for specialization. Our chapter is a collaboration among several psychologists engaged in climate and environment-related research and practice. We synthesize findings and practices from climate science, environmental psychology, environmental justice, psychotherapy, health psychology, and international perspectives. The field of clinical psychology is primed to respond to the climate crisis by creatively applying knowledge of mental health and functioning and the delivery of just, culturally appropriate, and empirically supported treatments and therapies.
- Publication14000 BP On Being Alone: The Isolation of the TasmaniansTasmania became an island separate from the rest of Australia around 14 000 years ago, during the final warming phase of the Pleistocene Ice Ages. As global temperatures increased towards modern levels and sea levels rose because of the melting ice caps, Australia's shorelines changed, closing the land bridge between Tasmania and the continent, and later that between Australia and New Guinea. From that time, Tasmania's cultures developed in isolation - an extreme case, some would say, of the more general isolation of Australian cultures, though people hardly feel deprived of contact when they know nothing of anywhere beyond the connections of their daily lives. Tasmanians and those from what is now the mainland turned their backs on each other and lived without knowledge of the other for 14 000 years. Now, by virtue of the creation of a single nation through processes of colonisation and federation, the communities on each side of Bass Strait are both identified as Aborigines, as a consequence of not being non-Aboriginal people of Australia.
- Publication1818 The Vandemonians: Michael Howe's Victory in TasmaniaBushranger Michael Howe's four-and-a-half-year struggle with British colonial rule ended when he was bludgeoned to death on 21 October 1818. What if Howe and his Aboriginal allies had succeeded?
- PublicationThe 1890-1910 Crisis of Australian Capitalism and the Social Democratic Response: Was the Australian model a pioneering regime of Social Democratic Welfare Capitalist regulation?In 1890-94 Australia was convulsed by a crisis of historic proportions that marked a watershed in the development of the economy, society, culture, and polity. The preceding 40 years had been ones of great prosperity, wealth advancement, and democratization, sparked in 1851 by the great and long-lasting gold rush. By the late 1880s Australia was believed by boosters to be a 'working man's paradise' and a triumphant vindication of the egalitarian and democratic rejection of British social class and privilege. This successful settler capitalist country had ridden the great Victorian commodities boom and succeeded in overcoming the legacy of its prison foundation and the 'tyranny of distance' to become the richest society in the world. The capitalist model that had developed, however, was far from the 'laissez faire' of British theory and policy, combining instead industrial protection in most parts of the country with a significant degree of state ownership of economic enterprises. What was later called 'colonial socialism' was the more or less unquestioned model of a rudimentary developmental state that rested on the great wealth flowing from raw material exports and the distribution of rents for working-class urban expansion. Indeed, economic development and employment generation had been the chief preoccupation of colonial governments since the 1830s. In this context, the bursting of the long boom in 1890 and collapse into the first (and very severe) depression in half a century was a transformative event. The consequences of the crisis years, lasting for most of a decade, were profound. The main response by the political process, however, was not on the whole to question the centrality of the state in Australian capitalism but to reinforce it in new, ideologically-based as well as class-based, ways. Social democratic developments emerged that had long-lasting consequences, detectable even unto the 21st century. A 'historic compromise' of labourist-protectionism and other social measures was constructed and reinforced over the following decades that remained central to Australia's political economy until the 1980s.
- Publication2019-2020 年中澳农产品贸易: 现状与未来2020 年, 澳对华农产品出口进入前所未有的瓶颈期。一方 面, 持续干旱、毁灭性山火及新冠肺炎疫情暴发制约了澳 农业生产发展; 另一方面, 中澳外交关系的恶化导致两国 贸易摩擦升级, 极大地限制了澳对华农产品的出口。针对 上述问题, 本文提出了一系列对策建议。其中, 在出口方 面, 最重要的突破点在于改善两国外交关系。政治意识形 态上的差异引发的经济冲突违背两国根本利益。本文建议 澳在对华政策上朝积极方向调整, 农产品贸易恢复往日的 繁荣指日可待。
- Publication26 January 1788: The Arrival of the First Fleet and the 'Foundation of Australia'On 26 January 1988, Australia's Bicentenary day, I was among the 100 000 heat-stroked crowd crammed on the shores of Sydney Harbour, experiencing the majestic spectacle of the Tall Ships. For all the exhibition and excitement, it was a reflective occasion on which the 'national story' was revealed to be fractured and multifaceted. My outstanding memories, next to sunburn and claustrophobia, are of Aboriginal Protesters greeting the ships with shrill slogans and theatrical gestures. On the same day, in Kings Cross, a dear friends, who mischievously weaved among the crowds in a pyjama-style convict costume, ended the day badly when he was set upon and mildly beaten by a group of young Aboriginal men. While that incident was contrary to the mood of celebration, it was also somewhat emblematic of this politically and historically charged occasion. Of course, what is commemorated on 26 January is the arrival in 1788 of what later became known as 'the First Fleet'. Of the many turning points in our national story, the foundation event - European Australia's moment of original - seems an obvious, indeed inevitable, subject for commemoration. It is also the most ripe for interrogation, and most malleable to the disparate cultural and political sensitivities and interests of contemporary generations. By tracing the remembrance of the moment over time and across generations, we can chart some of the changing and conflicting ideas of Australian identity. In the case of the arrival of the First Fleet and the foundation of the European Australia, the moment is forever flavoured by certain characteristics and circumstances embedded in the event which have proved awkward to later generation of Australians. January 26 1788 is a crucial moment in Australian history both because of what happened and how it has been remembered.
- Publication3D printing mediated by photoRAFT polymerization process3D printing technology (otherwise known as additive manufacturing) has changedthe world of manufacturing as it offers a programmable pathway for the layer-by-layer fabrication of customized and on-demand 3D objects tailored to meet the de-mands of individuals and specific applications [1]. Among the different techniques,3D printing via photopolymerization that includes stereolithography (SLA), digitallight processing (DLP) and continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) is one ofthe most attractive methods due to the limitless innovations that can be providedby polymer chemistry [2, 3]. This technology has contributed to various fields such asmicrofluidics, biomedical devices, soft robotics, medical surgery, tissue engineering,dentistry and drug delivery [4-6].
- PublicationA.S. Neill (1883-1973)Alexander Sutherland Neill was born in the small Scottish town of Forfar, fifteen miles north of Dundee in 1883. His father, George Neill, was a schoolmaster who taught in the neighbouring village of Kingsmuir, where Neill received his own schooling. After leaving school at the age of fourteen and taking various jobs for two years, Neill became an apprentice schoolmaster in 1899. He remained an uncertified teacher for four years and was then successful in gaining matriculation to Edinburgh University. He studied Arts and although exhibiting little enthusiasm for university work graduated in 1905 with a major in English literature. He then taught for twelve years in Scottish government schools.
- PublicationAbleism(Palgrave Macmillan, 2021)
; People living with disability may face significant barriers in work, study, sport and joining in everyday activities. Community attitudes and experiences of discrimination can further impact on a person's wellbeing, with the resultant ableism leading to perceptions of the disabled as weak and needy, and experiences of rejection and oppression. Allied health professionals are constantly called on to recognise the multi-layered impact of ableism on those who seek their help, while simultaneously challenging their own perceptions and stereotypes. The chapter starts with definitions and statistics to contextualise the concept of disability within the contemporary Australian environment. The link between ableism and mental health is critically examined, and poignantly brought to life in the personal experiences of three individuals as they navigate living with invisible and visible disabilities. Experiential activities that encourage the learner to test and challenge societal stereotypes, their own perceptions and gain a greater understanding of environmental, social and institutional barriers faced by people living with disability conclude this chapter.
- PublicationAboriginal and First Nations approaches to counsellingChapter 11, 'Aboriginal and First Nations approaches to counselling' by Judy Atkinson, Dwayne Kennedy, and Randolph Bowers, presents narratives of reflection that highlight three different and unique views of working in counselling in Indigenous contexts. Following the literature review by Nadine Pelting in the previous chapter, the current work takes a more personal voice and sits within a practice-based and culture-based awareness of what it means to each author to work, and to live, in the context of Indigenous issues and culture. The views presented are a welcome contribution to the counselling literature for a number of reasons. There is much rhetoric about inclusion, justice, and multicultural issues in the field. However, there could be more examples of creating space for, and valuing in real terms, the contributions of Indigenous people. Likewise, there is a very large body of literature on Indigenous issues across the fields of anthropology, sociology, medicine, health, psychology, and more recently in counselling, where many writers make comments about Indigenous people and Indigenous issues, and yet there is a sort of authored silence when it comes to hearing the perspectives of Indigenous social actors where their views are most needed. It is likely that the politics and political dynamics of professional systems encourage this lack of equity, and to take steps towards changing these circumstances requires concerted mutual efforts. Furthermore, the voices of the authors taken together suggest a great collective sharing of their experience in grappling with some of the cultural issues involved in applying Western European and colonial counselling theories and practices; in this case, in Aboriginal Australian and First Nations Canadian contexts. These 'voices from the field' are meant to encourage and challenge practitioners and students of counselling to look outside the rhetoric that often dominates professional discourse. In so doing, when we reach the threshold of truly appreciating cultural issues we will also begin to realise that some of our most prized theories or concepts of counselling need to change, and we need to change, in order to engage authentically in intercultural dialogue.
- PublicationAboriginal ArchaeologyObservers of New England know how to read the landscape. Along with other experienced observers, New England archaeologists, through their own fieldwork and experience, have also learnt to heed and make meaning of subtle marks such as the Bora rings. The archaeological meaning of such traces is written mostly as archaeological accounts. The archaeological story of New England, as it has been pieced together since the 1960s, reveals the distinctive character of Aboriginal hunter-gatherer peoples' past inhabitation of the landscape. In this chapter, the author has chosen three common elements of the regional archaeological tales - ceremonies, cold climates and group movement, and focused on their spatial aspects, rather than on their chronology or archaeological artefacts, to build up a picture of archaeologists' evolving construction of the regional cultural landscape. The chapter is in three parts: first a brief description of the New England landscape, its archaeological sites and kinds of societies that shaped them; then a sketch of the regional themes established by the work of archaeologists Isabel McBryde and Luke Godwin, and finally a description of the issues the author considers important for the future of New England archaeology.
- PublicationAboriginal ecotourism and archaeology in coastal NSW, Australia: Yarrawarra Place Stories Project(Routledge, 2005)
; - PublicationAboriginal EnglishAboriginal English is the name given to the dialectal varieties of English spoken by the majority of Aboriginal people throughout Australia. Malcolm (e.g. 2008a) reports that the origins of Aboriginal English varieties are diverse. The most important influence in many regions was the earlier pidgin language known as Aboriginal Pidgin English (also called NSW Pidgin, see Meakins (this volume) for further discussion), which resulted from contact between Aboriginal people in the Sydney area and the British settlers beginning in the late 18th century (see Malcolm 2000c; Troy 1994). Malcolm (2000c) reports that the input for this pidgin language included 18th-century varieties of British English, local Aboriginal languages, and English-based contact language varieties from maritime sources, such as whaling. In parts of northern Australia, Aboriginal English may have developed instead from decreolisation of varieties of the Aboriginal creole language, Kriol. And in some regions Aboriginal English may be the result of the Aboriginalisation of English, without significant influence from pidgin or creole varieties. Malcolm (2008a: 127) explains that the "strong resemblances between Aboriginal English varieties Australia-wide, and their maintenance as distinct from Australian English, suggest that to a large extent convergence has taken place upon an agreed ethnolect."
- PublicationAboriginal English and Bi-Dialectal Identity in Early Childhood EducationAboriginal English is a powerful marker of identity for many Aboriginal people, but in schools it is still often seen as "poor English". This chapter reports a study of the impact of Aboriginal English on learning outcomes for Indigenous children in preschools in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Data from one family's home interactions and from Koori and mainstream preschool interactions are presented. Little evidence was found of grammatical and lexical features of Aboriginal English, but prosodic features of interactional style are suggested to form an integral part of Aboriginal identity. The findings suggested that there may be dissonance between Indigenous children's home and preschool language experiences that includes, but exceeds, the linguistic features of Aboriginal English. We suggest that, particularly in contexts where a "light" form of Aboriginal English is used, identity is indexed by features of prosody and interactional style that are characteristic of Aboriginal ways of being, doing and knowing. Combining our understanding of Aboriginal ways of talking and of effective preschool pedagogies forges links between Applied Linguistics and Early Childhood Education that can contribute to improving outcomes for young Indigenous learners.
- PublicationAboriginal English in the criminal justice systemThe participation of Aboriginal people in the criminal justice system in Australia has been one of considerable public discourse and concern over the past fifteen years, with Aboriginal people being greatly overrepresented in police custody and prison. Concerns over this situation contributed to the establishment of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody between 1987-1991, which made over 300 recommendations, addressing issues ranging from conditions in prisons, to far-reaching social, educational and health matters (RCIADC 1991).
- PublicationAboriginal Families and the School SystemWe grow up immersed in our own culture, our own experiences and our own language. Through these we construct our understandings of the world (Billett, 1996). Once we have established our models, we are more likely to interpret what we see and experience through this lens (Gelman, 1997). In developmental psychology, this is labelled assimilation (Piaget, 1950): an understanding of the world, which comes about through the addition of information to existing schema. When we experience new events that do not neatly fit our existing schema we find these difficult to interpret and assimilate and therefore feel discomfort (Roberts & Smith, 1999). Our usual response is to try and alleviate the discomfort through reframing the information to make it fit existing schema (Feldman, 1995). When we are sufficiently motivated, we change our models of the world. However, often we are likely to ignore the new information, or modify it slightly so that it does assimilate into existing schema.
- PublicationAboriginal Language and Spirituality Within the Context of Riddim and Poetry: A Creative School ProgramThis chapter presents the ways in which Aboriginal spirituality is observed in the design and implementation of a school program, Riddim and Poetry. The program aims to unleash Indigenous students' creativity through drumming, poem writing and Indigenous language workshops, helping them create songs. The chapter firstly focuses on how the Aboriginal protocol was followed in terms of relationship building, conceptualisation and development of the program, as well as the implementation of drumming and poem writing workshops. The chapter then shifts its gaze to the Gumbaynggirr language lessons, which were designed and delivered by Uncle Michael Jarrett (Gawa Micklo), who sees language as a path to spiritual understandings and experiences. In this section, Gawa Micklo talks about Aboriginal spirituality, identifies the elements of Aboriginal spirituality in the design and delivery of his language lessons, and discusses the need to spread Aboriginal language teaching into the social fabric of the community.
- PublicationAboriginal Offender Rehabilitation Programs
This chapter highlights the ongoing over-representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in the criminal justice system and emphasises an urgent need for the development of appropriate responses to this problem. A key response to this issue is through the provision of culturally secure, relevant and effective rehabilitation programs for Aboriginal people within the criminal justice system. This chapter proposes an Aboriginal psychological approach to the development, implementation and delivery of culture-specific rehabilitation programs to reduce re-offending and Aboriginal people’s contact with the criminal justice system. It will outline how such an approach, which is grounded in Aboriginal Law and culture, can also accommodate standard therapeutic techniques and approaches based on the ‘what works’ literature and the key principles for effective intervention outlined in the Risk, Needs and Responsivity Model.